Wednesday, January 29, 2020
Business and Management Personal Statement Examples Essay Example for Free
Business and Management Personal Statement Examples Essay Since my early years, I have been naturally introduced to the world of Business and Economics. Growing up near Central London and Canary Wharf I had always been intrigued by my surroundings and the mechanics of business, and was introduced into the world of Economics further on in my life. My childhood was filled with mini business ventures as well as supporting the start-up businesses of my familyââ¬â¢s confectionary store and a technology store, which became the catalyst of my passion for the subject. Recently, I have taken up the initiative to read ââ¬ËThe Economistââ¬â¢ to broaden my subject knowledge and keep up-to-date with current affairs. I believe a degree related to economics will help me excel in many different fields of work such as business, management, and marketing. I believe that Economics at A-Level and Business at GCSE, equip me with the invaluable skills needed for a degree. The skills I have acquired from studying Business include calculated decision-making as well as learning the ways of raising finance, motivation strategies, and promotional methods. Economics at A-Level has broadened my understanding of economies, firms, and government policy-making as well as making me grasp the importance of finance in society. In my A-Level study of Information Technology, I created an IT-based solution for a business-related problem. This enabled me to develop problem-solving abilities, as I had to evaluate several possible ways of achieving the required solution. Geography requires extensive research and the gathering and creating of information from various sources. I am excited about the challenges that I may face at University, and the chance to advance my skills further. During the summer, I had a work experience placement at Deloitte. I was required to organize and create solutions to different situations in risk advisory, financial services, and technology. This enabled me to apply my skills gained from business such as intense decision-making into a situation. The aim was to analyze each situation and be able to easily identify areas of improvement. I currently have a part-time job at Gadget Converters. Working as a Sales Advisor has helped me to become more confident as I am required to socialize with people from different backgrounds and ages and to handle situations in a professional manner, which I can transfer to a University environment. I also learned about bookkeeping, organizing cash receipts, creating expenditure spreadsheets, and selling platforms. My decision to study a degree related to business was reinforced because of the enjoyment and success I gained in my work experience and current work. Watching documentaries on current affairs ignited my curiosity about the economy and what factors shape it. This degree will allow me to gain wider knowledge and help challenge my theories. I thoroughly enjoy reading; particularly the news and the articles that stem from certain stories. I have also published an article on an upcoming football site called the ââ¬ËLiverpool Transfer Roomââ¬â¢. This opened the door of publishing articles through the WordPress platform and has given me the opportunity to write to an audience. Furthermore, I regularly take part in activities in my local youth club such as table tennis and FIFA competitions. I have been involved in Young Enterprise scheme, in which students were tasked with brainstorming a product, creating a unique selling point and deciding the target market amongst other factors. The workshop provided me a unique insight into the decisions and running of a business. These activities also strengthened my abilities to lead and comm unicate effectively within a team. I look forward to becoming involved in all aspects of university life, not only academically, but also socially and I feel that I would benefit greatly from a place in university as this will help me to pursue my career in Economics.
Tuesday, January 21, 2020
Optimal Synthetic Aperture Radar Image Detection Essay -- Technology
Introduction The Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is a microwave active imagery system that has been largely used due to its possibility of day-and-night operation in all weather conditions. The SAR system generates images by the coherent processing of the scattering signals; this results in a scene texture that has an undesired multiplicative speckled noise, drastically reduces the ability to distinguish the features of the classes [1]. The rejection of the speckle noise motivated many works where ANN algorithms have been applied to SAR imagery classification [2][3][4][5]. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithms have been increasingly applied to remote sensing for image classification in the last years [6][7][8][9]. SAR images have found many applications in the field of Automatic Target Recognition (ATR). Target detection is a signal processing problem whereby one attempts to detect a stationary target embedded in background clutter while minimizing the false alarm probability. The rapid increase of ANN applications in remote sensing imagery classification is mainly due to their ability to perform equally or more accurately than other classification techniques [10]. In a general way, the major advantages of the neural network method over traditional classifiers are: â⬠¢ Easy adaptation to different types of data and input configuration, â⬠¢ Simple incorporation of ancillary data sources, as textural information, which can be difficult or impossible with conventional techniques, â⬠¢ Does not use or need a priori knowledge about parameters of distributions. ANN algorithms find the best nonlinear function, in the optimal case, between the input and the output data without any constraint of linearity or pre-specified nonl... ...e Galinhas, November 2002. 7. J.A. Benediktsson, P.H. Swain, O.K. Ersoy, ââ¬Å"Neural Network approaches versus statistical methods in classification of multisource remote sensing dataâ⬠, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and. Remote Sensing, v.28, n.4, p.540-552, 1990. 8. H. Bischof, W. Schneider, A.J. Pinz, ââ¬Å"Multispectral classification of landsat-images using neural networksâ⬠, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, v.30, n.3, p.482-490, 1992. 9. Y. Hara, R.G. Atkins, S.H. Yueh, R.T. Shin, J.A. Kong, ââ¬Å"Application of neural networks to radar image classificationâ⬠, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, v.32, n.1, p.100-109, 1994. 10. K.S. Chen, W.P. Huang, T.H. Tsay, F. Amar, ââ¬Å"Classification of multifrequency polarimetric SAR imagery using a dynamic learning neural networkâ⬠, IEEE Trans. Geoscience and Remote Sensing, v.34, n.3, p.814-820, 1996.
Monday, January 13, 2020
Selections from Annie John
The passage entitled ââ¬Å"Selections from Annie Johnâ⬠was written by Jamaica Kincaid. In this extract it tells of the life of a young girl and her relationship with her mother. It begins with her stating clearly how being with her mother was an important part of her life. This was followed by narrating the things they did together. She would help her admirable mother to cook and clean. She then goes into detail of what and how things were done in regards to helping her mother with the cooking and cleaning. In the following paragraph she vividly describes her mother and briefly mentions her father. As the narrator is with her mother she tells of how they would spend time by her mother telling her stories of her past. During this past time is where the daughter showed her mother the most affection by leaning on her mother and sniffing her and gazing at her mothersââ¬â¢ beauty. She truly loved her mother for all that she was. As the excerpt progresses the narrator becomes a little older and goes through puberty. During this stage she begins to see new sides of her mother and herself; which, to the narrator were not good sides at all. She didnââ¬â¢t recognize the response she got from her mother as the same woman she grew up loving. Ultimately one day she was confronted by her mother one day coming home late from school. She tried to lie and her mother knew the truth and exposed it. Vicious words were exchanged and in the end this love she had for her mother as a youth has slowly been deteriorated. Her mother ends her rebellious thoughts with a comment that makes the narrator go deep into thought and realises that there is going to be a gap between her and her mother after this day. This extract is a very good example of difficult it is to maintain relationships with parents. I clearly agree with Kincaidââ¬â¢s idea. Her idea shows how easy it is to admire and have good relationship with your parents for years and how one moment can destroy all that was built. All forms of admiration you can have are presented in the passage. The description of the bond between the persona and the mother seems to be unbreakable. How Kincaid presents the theme is very effective. Who would have thought after all the praise of her mother and time with her it would end in that way. It was a shocker. It allowed me to feel bad for the young girl. This also shows how a young personââ¬â¢s disrespect to a parent can negatively impact the way the parent looks at the child. When the daughter said ââ¬Å" well like father like son. Like mother like daughter. â⬠If it wasnââ¬â¢t for that act of disrespect her mother would have probably scolded her and tell her how to do right. After that if I was a parent I wouldnââ¬â¢t even care about helping that child anymore. A lot of young people who are going through puberty think they have already ââ¬Å"made itâ⬠and become very disrespectful at times. This can be seen in any teen. I can say this because I was the same way. For every negative comment towards me, was a response to justify or nullify what was said. Itââ¬â¢s normal for teens to be rebellious during this maturity stage. This was another bonus for Kincaid to have me on her side. This situation more than likely happens every day. Itââ¬â¢s real. On the other hand it also shows how each one of us will mature and we will be treated differently. Not only Kincaidââ¬â¢s passage shows the difficulty in maintaining relationships with parents but it is also an eye opener to young adults as to why we were treated like that at our age. We must learn that as we get older we change and we must act accordingly. This is another serious factor that Kincaid presents. The changes in youth during their adolescence age when these changes occur to the body are quite serious for young children. They donââ¬â¢t know what to do or how to treat these changes. I am fortunate enough to be a boy so my changes werenââ¬â¢t anything too drastic to get help with. However for young girls they have to worry about a lot and as Kincaid present this it is an issue I think is very important for girls to be taught to expect and treat with care. This may also be a reason as to why the subject of Kincaid passage acted in such a manner. Over all the issue kincaids passage presents are all relevant and informative if you read to take what is occurring into consideration.
Saturday, January 4, 2020
What Is an Element in Chemistry
A chemical element is a substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means. Although elements arent changed by chemical reactions, new elements may be formed by nuclear reactions. Elements are defined by the number of protons they possess. Atoms of an element all have the same number of protons, but they can have different numbers of electrons and neutrons. Changing the ratio of electrons to protons creates ions, while changing the number of neutrons form isotopes. There are 118 known elements. Research is underway to make element 120. When element 120 is made and verified, the periodic table will need to be changed to accommodate it! Key Takeaways: Chemical Element Definition A chemical element is a substance that cannot be further broken down by any chemical reaction.Each element has a unique number of protons in its atom. For example, a hydrogen atom has 1 proton, while a carbon atom has 6 protons.Varying the number of electrons in an atom of an element produces ions. Changing the number of neutrons produces isotopes.There are 118 known elements. Examples of Elements Any of the types of atoms listed on the periodic table is an example of an element, including: coppercesiumironneonkryptonproton - technically a lone proton qualifies as an example of the element hydrogen Examples of Substances That Are Not Elements If more than one type of atom is present, a substance is not an element. Compounds and alloys are not elements. Similarly, groups of electrons and neutrons are not elements. A particle must contain protons to be an example of an element. Non-elements include: water (composed of hydrogen and oxygen atoms)steelelectronsbrass (composed of multiple types of metal atoms)
Friday, December 27, 2019
International Finance - 1841 Words
Question 1 a. The dollar is presently weak and is expected to strengthen over time. These expectations affect the tendency of U.S investors to invest in foreign securities because the value of U.S dollar decrease will lead to the U.S company get less profit and earn less money. Consequently, U.S companies will pay fewer dividends for investors who invest in these companies. So, investors will tend to invest in foreign securities where they can get higher dividend. On the other hand, a weak currency can reduce unemployment but maybe it can lead to high inflation, and simultaneously it may reduce U.S imports and boost U.S exports or buy more goods than it sells abroad (imports exceed exports). Another thing, in the long run, trade deficitsâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦And when it is expected to strengthen against, owns or earnings from the foreign securities can periodically be converted back to more dollars when they were sold. Question 2: In my opinion, a financial manager of Chapman Co. recommends that it wait until the world stock market recover before it issue stock. He is correct because this is the first time Chapman Co. engage in an initial public offering (IPO). And IPO is very important so it is the first challenge for company to issue stock. Consequently, when Chapman Co. waits until the world stock market recover before it issues stock, this will make Chapman Co.ââ¬Ës stock price increase according to the world stock marker recover, then, Chapman Co. can gain more profit. Because at the beginning, Chapman Co. issued stock with initial price, and the world market recover will make the Chapman Co.ââ¬Ës stock price increases more than initial price. Consequently, Chapman Co. gets more profit from IPO and can finance its international expansion. On the other hand, if Chapman Co. follows the other managers to issue stock now even if the world stock marketââ¬Ës price would low, the Chapmanââ¬Ës stock price would be low and tend to more decrease according to weak world stock market. So the low stock price at this time will not encourage people to buy. Moreover, the world stock market is still not recovered, the other companiesââ¬â¢ stock may also get problems and lead to decrease their stock price. And investors willShow MoreRelatedInternational Finance Exam4417 Words à |à 18 PagesInternational finance FIN 412 Exam #2 MC:à Examples of single-currency interest rate swap and cross-currency interest rate swap are:à A.à fixed-for-floating rate interest rate swap, where one counterparty exchanges the interest payments of a floating- rate debt obligations for fixed-rate interest payments of the other counter party B.à fixed-for-fixed rate debt service (currency swap), where one counterparty exchanges the debt service obligations of a bond denominated in one currency forRead MoreSources Of Finance For Synergy International Limited1627 Words à |à 7 Pagessources of finance for Synergy International Limited to enable the company to invest in new machinery, at a cost of approximately à £225,000, in order to manufacture mobile phone covers for the Samsung S7 Edge. Also included in this report, are the information needs of the different decision makers. There are long term external sources of finance that Synergy International Limited could access; they could issue preference or ordinary shares although there would be issue costs. Finance, in the wayRead MoreInternational Trade and Finance1501 Words à |à 7 PagesLinda Luc Duong International Trade and Finance ECO/372 August 27, 2012 Matthew J. Angner International Trade and Finance When there is a surplus of imports brought into the United States it means that the price of the products will drop. Companies in the United States are competing with the Chinese made products will suffer from price drops on goods. Lower prices on goods will benefit consumers. Large screen Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and High Definition Television (HDTV) is a good exampleRead MoreInternational finance management7674 Words à |à 31 PagesAgency Problems Management Structure of an MNC Why Fimrs Pursue International Business Theory of Comparative Advantage Imperfect Markets Theory Product Cycle Theory How Firms Engage in International Business International Trade Licensing Franchising Joint Ventures Acquisitions of Existing Operations Establishing New Foreign Subsidiaries Summary of Methods Valuation Model for an MNC Domestic Model Valuing International Cash Flows Uncertainty Surrounding an MNCs Cash Flows UncertaintyRead MoreCase: International Trade and Trade Fina nce885 Words à |à 4 PagesFITTskills: International Trade Finance Case Study #1: New Modes of Trade Finance Case Study #1: New Modes of Trade Finance Trade finance in the twenty-first century: plug and pay? 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(International Reserves and Foreign Currency Liquidity ââ¬â TURKEY) With ââ¬Å"hot moneyâ⬠exiting out of Turkey and their central bank hiking interest rates to try to keep their currency from falling any more, it makes itRead MoreTrade Finance and International Trade1903 Words à |à 8 PagesAccording to Branch trade finance has become a strong bargaining point in the conduct of international trade. Negotiating strategy needed to reduce finance risk (Branch, 2005). Trade finance is a topic contained the financial facilities industry. Manufactured goods is sold and distributed to overseas; therefore, it takes longer to get paid. Additional time and energy is required to make sure that buyers are trustworthy and creditworthy. Also, foreign buyers who are just like domestic buyers. TheyRead MoreInternational Trade And Finance ( Bus571 )2452 Words à |à 10 PagesNtec Concordia Institute of Business Submitted to: Adrian liew Course: Diploma in Business Management (Level-7) Subject: International trade and finance (BUS571) Submitted By: Amanpreet singh bajaj Student ID:CIB00002YB Assignment: International trade Introduction Quality NZ is a niche supplier of New Zealandââ¬â¢s first quality products and services to the rapidly expanding Indian market, with a specific focus on the food and BeverageRead MoreGlobalization and Its Impact on International Finance6130 Words à |à 25 PagesGLOBALIZATION AND ITS IMPACT ON INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CONTENTS 1. Overviewâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦...1 2. Introduction to the concept of globalizationâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦..2 3. Different areas of effect of globalizationâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦..5 4. International financeâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦..9 5. The impact of globalization on international finance i. Relationship between globalization and international financeâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦....12 ii. Globalization and its impact on developing countriesâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Read MoreEssay on finance case vanguard international growth830 Words à |à 4 Pagesï » ¿ Issues 1. Explain why an individual investor might want to invest in an international growth fund? 2. Describe the risk associated with making an investment in an international growth fund. Identify the risks that would be common to domestic an international funds, and those risk that would be unique to an international fund. 3. Discuss how the fact that foreign companies are not subject to the same accounting, auditing, and financial reporting standards and practices as U.S. companies poses
Thursday, December 19, 2019
Police Enforcement And Community Policing - 1657 Words
Over the past few decades community policing has become a new trend in law enforcement. A majority of contemporary police departments now claim to use community policing. Community policing builds on basic policing practices with an emphasis on crime prevention and lasting solutions to problems. Community policing was established in the 1970s, but did not become popular until the 1990s. The goal of community policing is to rebuild the bond between citizens and police officers, while at the same time reducing crime and fear. This then restores a sense of order within the community. Community policing accomplishes these goals by having police officers patrol neighborhoods on foot. This strategy is commonly known as ââ¬Å"walking the beatâ⬠. ââ¬Å"Walking the beatâ⬠allows officers to interact and become familiar with people functioning within the community. The police officers get to know the people that work and reside in the community on a more personal level. I believe t hat ââ¬Å"walking the beatâ⬠is a great tactic because the community develops an actual relationship with the officers assigned to their area, therefore removing the wall of distrust between police and community. Instead of an unfamiliar face that no one knows, the community is familiar with the responder, and therefore more likely to trust him or her and assist the officer in keeping the community safe. This strategy has proven to raise the rate of solved crimes because more witnesses of a crime tend to come forward whenShow MoreRelatedPolice Enforcement And Community Policing849 Words à |à 4 PagesIntroduction Since the surface of Community policing in the 1970ââ¬â¢s and making the mark of influence on the strategies of policing throughout the United States, community policing has slowly become the direction of police interaction (Sozer and Merlo, 2013). Originally, having a breakthrough of helping reduce crime in the larger cities of America, smaller cities took the initiative and began the tactic of using community policing in the same efforts to reduce crime in local communities (Sozer and Merlo, 2013)Read MorePolice Enforcement And Community Policing1444 Words à |à 6 PagesAccording to COPS and the U.S. Department of Justice, community policing begins with a commitment to building trust and respect between police and communities. Many police department and citizens within the communities collaborate and they more effectively address underlying issues, change negative behavioral patterns, and allocate resources. Bureau of Justice Statistics defines community policing as, ââ¬Å"A philosophy that promotes organizational strategies, which support the systematic use of partnershipsRead MorePolice Policing And Community Policing1513 Words à |à 7 Pages Community Policing How effective is community policing? Community policing has several different definitions. In this paper I will prove that community policing is effective by defining, community policing as the police and citizens coming together to create a safe community, stop crime and resolve problems and also urgently responding to the community. Throughout many years, the peopleââ¬â¢s view of community policing have remained the same. There are some valid causes as to whyRead MoreComparison Contrast: Community Policing vs. Traditional Policing1623 Words à |à 7 PagesPolicing in the United States has taken on many different forms and facets in the past 50 years. Although, various modes models of policing styles continue to be introduced, two main aspects of law enforcement have remained constant, (traditional policing community oriented- policing). There are so many different facets, trends, and new emerging technologies in the wide world of law enforcement. First, we will outline a br ief history of the origins and evolvement of policing. Special attentionRead MoreFice Of Community Policing Essay1609 Words à |à 7 PagesMission statement, The Office of Community Oriented Policing Services of the U.S. Department of Justice describes community policing as, community policing focuses on crime and social disorder through the delivery of police services that includes aspects of traditional law enforcement, as well as prevention, problem-solving, community engagement, and partnerships. The community policing model balances reactive responses to calls for service with proactive problem-solving centered on the causes ofRead MoreCommunity Policing : An Overarching Law Enforcement Strategy1323 Words à |à 6 PagesMidterm: Community Policing Zachary L. DeLuca Boston University Dr. Carney February 8, 2016 Ã¢â¬Æ' Community policing is an overarching law enforcement strategy that works to integrate police departments and officers with the neighborhoods they serve (Carney, 2015). Community policing strives to create a partnership between officers and citizens such that all parties are working towards the common goal of crime prevention and safety (Siegel Welsh, 2015); as described by the Bureau of JusticeRead MoreHow Effective Is Community Policing1225 Words à |à 5 PagesHow effective is community policing? Community policing has several different definitions. In this paper I will prove that community policing is effective by defining, community policing as the police and citizens coming together to create a safe community, stop crime and resolve problems and also urgently responding to the community. Throughout many years, the peopleââ¬â¢s view of community policing have remained the same. There are some valid causes as to why law enforcement leaders consider thatRead MoreCommunity Po licing And Bridging Gap Between The Community And Law Enforcement1649 Words à |à 7 PagesCommunity Policing and Bridging the Gap Between the Community and Law Enforcement Matthew Whitworth American Military University Professor McFarland CRMJ203 Patrol Methodologies and Community Policing August 22, 2015 The current landscape of Law Enforcement is as volatile as it has ever been. Police brutality and racism is being highlighted in media coverage daily. In the past year, numerous cases of police brutality have been the central focus of news agencies. The death of Freddy GreyRead MoreEssay on Sir Robert Peel863 Words à |à 4 Pageson policing to the varied needs of contemporary society, it was revealed that police departments currently use the nine principles that Peel established in 1829. These principles are used as a foundation for the police to prevent crime and also to preserve a positive relationship with the community. It will be explained how Peelââ¬â¢s policing and principles are being utilized in the modern era and also show his position on policing. In 1829 Sir Robert Peel formed the Metropolitan Police whileRead MoreTheories Of Crime Analysis Spring1300 Words à |à 6 Pages Types of Policing Policing is to regulate, control, or keep in order with a law enforcement agency or other official group. It is a job done every minute of every hour of everyday by men and women willing to risk their health and life. To make the job easier different styles or types of policing methods have been developed. Some of the most influential types of policing include community oriented policing, problem oriented policing and intelligence led policing. Community oriented policing
Wednesday, December 11, 2019
P. T. Barnum Essay Example For Students
P. T. Barnum Essay P. T. BarnumPhineas Taylor Barnum reinvented the circus. His knowledge of what people want and how to make people think they want what he had was amazing. He constantly fooled people and had a way of making the customers come back. Barnum was ultimate salesman. He single handedly turned the circus into the Greatest Show On Earth it is today. P. T. Barnum was born in Bethel, Connecticut on July 5th 1810. He later called himself a Yankee doodle dandy, plus one. He was the oldest of five, all raised in a typical Connecticut saltbox house, which is an average, large house, is that still stands today. His father, Philo Barnum, dabbled in several trades. His father owned his own dry goods store. Barnums mom, Irena Taylor, was a housewife. The family was moderately well off. We will write a custom essay on P. T. Barnum specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Barnum, as a child was influenced by a strict Protestant work ethic. He fallowed a type of Christianity called Congregationalism. Congregationalism was strict about working, learning and keeping yourself busy. Fun was a scarce commodity. About the only fun the church ever had were lotteries, but even those were rare. Also the town liked one-upping each other with outrageous pranks. Phineas Taylor, who was Barnums grandfather, was one of the most notorious jokers in Bethel and also one of the richest men. His longest running joke would be on Barnum. At the boys cresting, he deeded Barnum a piece of land called Ivy Island. For years Barnum herd stories about what a lucky young man he was to be given Ivy Island At the age of ten he set out to see the island himself. Barnum soon found out Ivy Island was named for poisoned ivy. It was an Island in the middle of swamp just east of Bethel. Barnum then learned that he was the unknowing butt of jokes for ten years. Barnum learned from this, a lthough a bit angry, that people loved being humbugged. He would attend school just long enough to maser basic reading, writing and arithmetic skills. At the age of eight Barnum became an apprentice for his fathers dried good store. Although, sadly, in 1826 Barnums father died. The fifteen year old was the familys only means of support. His fathers store changed hands and he went to work for the new owner. Around this time Barnum met Charity Hollet. Charity and Barnum soon got married in 1829 when Barnum was 19. Charity was a devout Congregationalist. With his new bride beside him Barnum set out to make a name for him in business. Like his father he juggled several jobs. He bought his own store in Bethel, he started a newspaper, and he ran a lottery. Much to Charitys dismay Barnum adopted a new religion, Universalism, which offered what he called a more cheerful Christianity. Barnum was strongly opposed to the involvement of the Congregationalist church in local politics. In 1831 he used his newspaper to attack a minister in nearby Danbury Connecticut. The response was nor very cheerful nor very Christian. Barnum ended up with 60 days in the Danbury jail. He published his paper through the jail and portrayed himself as a little guy persecuted by a corrupt religious elite. Public support got him out of jail and made him a political force to be reckoned with. It taught him Theres no such thing as bad publicity.3Charity grew more conservative as Barnum grew more audacious. She wanted to settle down and have children. For the next few years the couple settled down. In 1833 the first of four daughters were born. But P. T. Barnums life took another sudden turn. The next year Connecticut outlawed lotteries. A few weeks later his store went bust. Then the final blow came, the newspaper could not repeat with the well-established Danbury Recorder and folded. Within a few short months he was wiped out. In 1834, with nothing left to lose Barnum moved his family to New York City. Without knowing it he started down the road to the Greatest Show On Earth.4In 1835, against Charitys wishes, Barnum used every penny they had to buy the contract of an elderly slave named Joice Heth. She was
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